News, Views and Careers for All of Higher Education
Dec. 11, 2006
In the wee hours of Saturday morning, the U.S. Senate joined the House of Representatives in passing legislation that will extend a slew of popular tax breaks, including two with coveted by colleges. The measure, passed by a 79 to 9 margin in the Senate, is on its way to President Bush, who is expected to sign it.
One provision would extend through 2007 a tax deduction for “qualified higher education expenses,” which is available even to taxpayers who do not itemize deductions on their federal returns. The provision, which expired at the end of 2005, applies retroactively to the current 2006 calendar year.
Under the provision, individuals who earn less than $65,000, and couples who earn less than $130,000, can deduct up to $4,000 in tuition and some other college costs for themselves or their children. Individual taxpayers who earn between $65,000 and $80,000, and couples who earn between $130,000 and $160,000, can deduct up to $2,000 in such expenses.
“America is in a race with the rest of the world to grow the
strongest, most educated workforce available to attract and keep good-paying jobs here at home,” said Sen. Max Baucus, the Montana Democrat who will head the Senate Finance Committee, which makes tax policy, in the next Congress. “So the tuition deduction is about more than taxes. It’s really about making higher education, whether college or vocational school, affordable and accessible for more of our citizens.”
The tuition tax deduction was estimated to cost about $3.5 billion over 10 years, with the bulk of that money coming in the early years.
The other provision of interest to higher education that was extended by the bill is a corporate tax credit for investments in university research and development. It, too, will continue through 2007, although advocates had pushed for a permanent extension.
Also before it closed up shop for the year, Congress approved legislation that will continue the federal government’s ability to operate until February 15, which will put substantive decisions about funding for the 2007-8 fiscal year — which is nearly one quarter over at this point — in the hands of the Democrat-controlled 110th Congress.
The current Congress passed only two of the appropriations bills that finance the federal government, and lawmakers in the newly configured Congress are likely to choose among three options: (1) passing all of the remaining bills separately (which is highly unlikely); (2) passing a continuing resolution for the entire year, which would finance most federal agencies at the same funding levels in 2007-8 that they received in 2006-7; or (3) enacting an “omnibus” measure lumping together all or most of the unpassed bills, and choosing to increase funds for some programs and perhaps cut them for others.
That decision is likely to revolve around whether Democratic leaders want to spend on much time on a 2007-8 budget when they will also be forced to start worrying about 2008-9 spending in early February, when President Bush presents his budget plan for that year.
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Although I commend almost any effort to increase affordability of college for American families given the increasing necessity for a degree, let’s not pretend that this helps kids who are on the fence about being able to access higher education. These families/kids are not eligible for tax break (which are not refundable as credits). The families who are eligible are going to send their kids to college regardless, this may just help make it more affordable or alter where they attend. Most times, since tuition is due long before the tax break is felt, the money returned to families is used to buy a tv or go on vacation. Would it not be better to fund Pell grants to cover a larger proportion of the average public 4-year colleges’s tuition and fees? Shouldn’t we make the process, either for Pell Grant or tax credits simplified for more families to take advantage of the currently complication application process? Affordability is great for inframarginal kids and we can’t lose sight of families making $50-$100k+, but what about 50% of the families who make less than approximately $50k. We need access for the marginal kids!
Katie McDonnell, at 2:30 pm EST on December 11, 2006
. . .for you to posit that parents use the modest proceeds from their higher ed tax deduction to “buy a TV or go on vacation.” I don’t know for sure how most parents use the money, but my best guess is that they may employ it to help pay the balance on a PLUS loan, or even to help their child buy books for the upcoming semester. For most families I know, new TVs pale in priority to college tuition and the next vacation is a visit to their child over Parent’s Weekend.
Jim Boyle, at 3:45 pm EST on December 11, 2006
Ms. McDonnel has a very valid point. Tax breaks and credits are terrific—at tax time. But neither of these kinds of programs do much to help students and families with up-front, immediate costs.
PELL and other grant aid along with some scholarships, work-study, and educational loans (unfortunately) fund the bulk of the costs.
Your “three-legged stool” is held up by grants and scholarships, work study and educational loans, and parental/family contributions.
Lynn Byrne, Educational Consultant at Hill Country ECS, at 4:45 pm EST on December 11, 2006
I really appreciate the extention of the tuition tax deduction. This item not only helps parents, but also single working people who are trying to further their education. I am going to put the money I get back toward loans and the next upcoming semester.
S. Currie, at 4:20 am EST on December 14, 2006
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Better Late than Never
The extension of the tax deduction for tuition and other higher education expenses is long overdue. You write that it was “coveted by colleges” yet, while that may be so, their association lobbyists were certainly discrete in their affection, preferring instead to sound the siren on Pell and student loan spreads. At College Parents of America, we believe that helping families meet the high cost of college is a three-legged stool, with grants, loans and tax breaks each playing a role. In 2007, we look forward to working with the higher ed community in mobilizing parents to support increased grant aid, greater student loan subsidies and a permanent extension of tuition tax deductibility.
Jim Boyle, President at College Parents of America, at 8:55 am EST on December 11, 2006