News, Views and Careers for All of Higher Education
July 27, 2006
Throughout her career at Oregon State University, Susie Leslie has overheard this conversation, or variations of it, a few too many times for her taste:
“Academic adviser?”
“Oh, you mean that person who counts my credits and allows me to register for classes?”
While that is the extent of the adviser-advisee interaction for many students, particularly those at large public universities, Leslie said advising offices generally set the bar higher for themselves. They can talk students through academic suspensions and departmental transfers — but only if word gets out about the services they offer.
Problem is, many campuses have advisers who are embedded in academic departments. Some are full-time advisers; others are faculty members for whom advising is a small, and not necessarily highly rewarded, part of their job. They operate from different buildings and rarely communicate with each other, resulting in an advising system that is highly decentralized.
That’s why creating a unified message and delivering it to students is crucial, said Leslie, the academic programs and assessment coordinator at Oregon State.
“One thing that students complained about in past years was inconsistency,” Leslie said. “When they changed majors, they heard a different story and got different information from advisers in another department.”
Oregon State has attempted to rectify that problem by creating a group made up of head advisers from each college, who together developed a best practices list. When students make their mandatory once-a-year visit to their advisers this year, every adviser will have similar talking points and every incoming student will have access to a week-by-week calendar explaining how to survive the academic year. A number of colleges have taken similar steps to bring their disparate advising offices and departments closer together in mission.
Charlie Nutt, associate director of the National Academic Advising Association, said that by having a common goal in mind, advising programs are able to more clearly articulate their purposes to students. At the group’s summer seminar, Nutt is leading a session called “Developing Mission Statements,” a practice he said still isn’t widespread.
“Institutions have to be more aware that developing a strong (student-adviser) relationship is key to the idea of student engagement, which numerous studies have shown is tied to retention rates,” he said.
At the University of Louisville, increasing student retention was the motivating factor behind the recent creation of the office of undergraduate advising practice.
Janet Spence, the office’s director, said undergraduate colleges were operating almost autonomously when it came to academic advising. The office has created an online program consisting of six modules that intends to give incoming students consistent information — and advice — about how to handle the first year of college. Topics include technology, general education and faculty-student interaction. Students must score 70 percent on each module before signing up for classes in their second term.
The College of DuPage, a community college in Illinois, recently hired a full-time staff member to coordinate advising on the campus. If departments within the college change their academic requirements, for instance, the staff member enters the information into a database for all advisers to see. The college has also created a web-based advising calendar on the student portal with descriptions of advising events.
“Everything was working in isolation before. We had academic affairs vs. general advising, and there was no communication,” said Jocelyn Harney, DuPage’s dean of students.
On the recommendation of the National Academic Advising Association, both DuPage and the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville developed adviser awards. At Arkansas, a newly established council made up of one faculty and staff member from each college distributes money to the winners.
Karen Boston, assistant dean for undergraduate programs at Arkansas, said the provost appointed the committee to develop an adviser training program and to agree on how to assess the advising system.
Colleges with a limited budget for advising have to be particularly creative. At the Information and Academic Support Center, Portland State University’s lone centralized advising office, advisers often determine which students they see not by major but by broader categories — including veterans, community college transfers and those who are academically at risk.
Mary Ann Barham, interim director of the Information and Academic Support Center, said the idea is that while keeping a central mission is important, allowing advisers to personalize their message is equally important.
Leslie, the Oregon State coordinator, said that colleges will continue to have advising programs that reflect the institution, but that “consistency within the college” is paramount.
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Among the major reasons that the majority of college students take 5 or 6 years (rather than the ideal 4) to receive their baccalaureate degree is poor academic advising (e.g., Students are told to take class A rather than class B, but the prerequisite for class A is class C, which won’t be offered for another 3 years).
With the very important role academic advising plays in student engagement, retention, and success, I wonder why more institutions are not following the steps of the exemplary institutions mentioned in the article and step out of their silos.
Interdisciplinary training is where it’s at, folks.
AC, at 9:00 am EDT on July 27, 2006
“Problem is, many campuses have advisers whoare embedded in academic departments.”
Funny...I always thought having faculty advise students was a good thing.
math prof, at 9:35 am EDT on July 27, 2006
In my first year of undergrad, I was fortunate enough to attend an institution with an actual “advising center” — a one stop shop where students from all majors came, by appointment, for academic advising and course approval. This institution had and continues to have a very good retention and graduation rate. Unfortunately, as the author of this column indicated, this set-up is not the norm.
When/if institutions have paid advisors on campus, they’re generally scattered through the various departments. These folks also tend to be busy professors with little time for actual advising, underpaid part-time staffers, graduate students who are simply working a filler job, or harried upper-classmen as opposed to trained “counselors".
Academic/vocational counseling or consulting is a very specialized field, requiring at least some specialized training and a very good knowledge of the subject (or subjects) on which said counselor/consultant is providing advice. If institutions are truly interested in providing students with real guidance and helping them progress in a timely manner toward an actual certificate or degree, then consideration must be given to providing access to staff/professionals that can assist effectively with this process.
Lynn Byrne, Education Consultant, at 10:00 am EDT on July 27, 2006
I believe another useful communication tool would be an advising web page viewable by students, faculty, and other academic areas where advisors can edit their contact information, their office hours, available hours of advising, and other additional comments that would allow others to quickly identify who and when advisors are available. Many times students and prospective students must make several attempts before they can finally track down an advisor. As mentioned in the article, advising offices are usually spread all over campuses. Some advisors are off for the summer and teaching schedules for faculty advisors constantly change. I believe it would be nice to have one place to look that would give a complete picture of who, when, where, and how students can reach their advisors.
David Penna, Director of Operations & Programs, Cont. Ed. at Southwest Tennessee Community College, at 10:15 am EDT on July 27, 2006
To me it seems that it’s very important to define what one means by “advising” — both for students and for those who take on advising roles. If we believe an advisor is the “person who tells students what courses to take,” then yes, we should just farm out advising to advising centers where people will make students’ schedules for them all day. If we’re talking about an advisor as the “person who talks to students about options beyond graduation with a degree in a particular field, about ways to construct a professional identity through internships, extracurriculars, etc.” then I think that this job is best done by faculty members who are engaged in their profession — not by “professional advisers,” whether those are imbedded in departments or located in an advising center. The truth is, students need different kinds of advice at different points in their academic careers, and by putting the duties of advising on advising centers — basically by replicating the “high school guidance counselor” model of advising at the post-high-school level seems to disempower students.
English Prof, at 2:20 pm EDT on July 27, 2006
We are fortunate at our institution to have an Academic Advising Council which includes advisors across the Colleges and the “First Year Advising” office. As well, each of us have an academic advising webpage unique to our college. All of these measures and more allow for a consistent message and information exchange, beneficial to all.
Anne Young, Academic Advisor, at 3:00 pm EDT on July 27, 2006
I believe that advisement in each college can be effective .. the key is just what the article talks about. You may belong to a college or department in your admin structure, but you also belong to a all campus academic advisement team.
I worked with academic advisors placed in departments where they did the ‘advising” and the faculty took on mentor roles as their focus.
Acadmemic Team, at 3:00 pm EDT on July 27, 2006
Last time I checked, Faculty are one of the highest reasons that students select an institution. However, given the nature of class sizes, teaching loads, and the lack of emphasis on advising in the role of a faculty member, advising often takes a back seat. Nonetheless, wouldn’t an increase in interaction with faculty seem to meet student expectations and lead to increased retention. Unfortunately, this would require a radical shift in the role (and reward structure) of faculty at most institutions.
I am not so naïve to assume that additional faculty interaction would solve the problem. Most faculty know only their departmental curricula (or their own courses, more likely) and are not prepared to advise outside their expertice. This is where professional advisers can provide a solution.
It would appear that the best option is to work together as a team—faculty providing vocational/professional direction and relationships with students and professional advisers providing degree progress advice. Unfortuntely, what often appears to happen is an all-or-nothing approach at either end of the spectrum.
In addition, if our goal is to produce competent graduate (who ideally are lifelong learners themselves) it would seem most appropriate to assist them in the process of making their own decisions. Where most schools fail students in this respect is hindering sufficient information on which students can make their own decisions. Providing adequate resources to students would take time to develop and implement but it seems a much more effective solution for those institutions that have (virtually) no system in place and no resources to establish a full-blown advising center with professional staff.
Reid Kisling, Registrar at George Fox University, at 4:20 pm EDT on July 27, 2006
I hope that universities start doing the same for professors who advise graduate students. The inconsistency between graduate advisors is a huge problem. This will never change until it is mandated by the powers that be, whoever they are.
Gina Hiatt, Psychologist, Dissertation and Tenure Coach at Academic Ladder, at 8:20 pm EDT on July 27, 2006
A poster above claims that a big reason for long completion times (5-6 years) is that advising is so poor, and that students are told to register for the wrong courses.
Another poster above made a great distinction between what we call prescriptive advising and developmental advising.
On the first point: Advisors can tell students what to register for that works for the major they present. If a student alters her or his major at a point after the advising, this is not the advisor’s error. Many issues in time-to-degree and advising “errors” have to do with the student changing the plan, not the advisor fouling up. I will admit that mistakes sometimes happen, but claiming that this is a large problem without evidence is shoddy work, my friend.
On the second point: Most of the faculty I know view professional advisors (and they are professionals, most educated at the Masters level or higher) as those who simply fill in bubble sheets and check off courses. This is not the case with well-run advising units. I’m speaking here of units that are intended for 1st and 2nd year students. Advising is not prescriptive (as in a prescription, take these 4 classes and get out of the office), but developmental. It’s perfectly within the realm of a generalist advisor to:
Ask about non-class activities, like work, family. Encourage professional and occupational development in the form of internships, practica, and the like.Assign the student homework, like talking with a professor about an issue, dealing with a housing problem, etc.
Honestly, I am not sure that the job of a professional advisor can be done well by the a faculty member. Many are not trained in these matters, know precious little about university procedures and policies, and (as another poster mentioned) do not get rewarded for excellent advising.
Until this last point about rewards is altered, it seems to me better to leave the advising to professionals and the mentoring of students in academics to faculty.
Joshua Morrison, Advisors as cause of time-to-degree, at 9:40 pm EDT on July 27, 2006
While advising has proven to be important to a student’s academic success, it is not the ultimate solution to problems of attrition or retention. Many students take longer than 4 years to graduate not simply because they were ill-advised, but often because, as one poster pointed out, of change of majors, transfer to another school, or longterm illness, or personal problems that affect their academic progress.
Distinction also needs to be made between advising within discipline and advising in general education. Professional advisors can be very usefl in advising students on their general education requirements, while disciplinary advising can best come from discipline advisors—a chemistry professor would not likely find advising a history major as easy as a student in his/her own discipline. Or as the registrar at George Fox University pointed out, “Most faculty know only their departmental curricula and are not prepared to advise outside their expertise.” That is, of course, assuming that within one department there is only one, or perhaps two closely related disciplines.
Be it faculty advisors or professional advisors, they should be very familiar with their university’s general education requirements, as well as their own major program’s requirements. But there seems to be no doubt that when the level of engagement between faculty and students is high, and positive, that relationship alone would help with retention, not to mention effective advising.
Guiyou Huang, Dean of Undergraduate Studies & Programs at St. Thomas Uni versity, at 10:35 am EDT on July 28, 2006
“There is no greater joy than to make a difference in someone’s life” Joe Ancona Academic Advisor/Adjunct Professor Webster University
Joe Ancona, Graduate Academic Advisor at Webster University, at 5:50 am EDT on August 23, 2006
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Student Advising
If we are really looking to impact student academic engagement, retention and educational outcomes it seems to me we should shift the focus from articulating advising programs purpose to empowering students to articulate their fundamental purpose. And when it comes to consistency of messaging how about anchoring all messages within the context of each student’s human uniqueness? At the risk of appearing to be self-serving, I invite interested readers to log onto www.myguidewirecollege.com where they can very cost efficiently leverage technology to accomplish more with less through Internet Empowered Advising.
Neil Heyse, Executive Director at Guidewire Systems Inc., at 8:55 am EDT on July 27, 2006