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Dueling Over Diversity

As the U.S. population grows increasingly brown, it is difficult to find a college official who isn’t firmly in favor of striving for a diverse faculty. But for leaders of institutions, figuring out exactly how to get the mix right — promoting the interests of minority students and faculty members without alientating what on most campuses is the overwhelming white majority — isn’t always easy, as recent events at New Mexico Highlands University illustrate.

In 2003, the Highlands Board of Regents adopted a broad strategic plan with a priority of transforming the university into “the nation’s premier Hispanic-serving institution.” The plan called for the university to grow a “highly qualified diverse faculty;” “improve full-time/part-time faculty ratios and retain [a] high percentage of terminal degree tenure-track faculty;” and “recruit and retain faculty with demonstrated competencies for high productivity and outstanding performance.”

Demographic data from 2003–4 illustrated that the percentage of Latino faculty at Highlands was much lower than the percentage of Latinos in northern New Mexico.

The board set out to hire a president to take on that issue. From a pool of five Latino males, they selected Manny Aragon, a former New Mexico state senator. He had long been a political champion of higher education issues and was known for his familiarity and resonance with the Latino population, in particular.

Aragon’s appointment in October 2004 was supposed to mark a new era at the institution, which had faced accreditation issues, funding shortfalls and declining enrollments in recent years.

The decisions Aragon made during his brief tenure, however, have been marred by criticism — much of it from white faculty members who’ve argued that their careers have been shortchanged in favor of a blind quest to promote diversity. Some professors, including the leadership of the university’s Faculty Senate, charged that he had made several administrative appointments that “reflect his personal and professional relationships more than the demonstrated needs of Highlands University,” according to a letter sent to the president from several faculty members. Many critics of the president could not be reached for comment on Thursday.

Aragon chose not to renew the contracts or to provide tenure to two respected white professors, who have both sued the institution. The Board of Trustees has paid $250,000 to settle one of the lawsuits, according to local press reports.

The American Association of University Professors censured the institution earlier this year as a result of the faculty tenure and summary dismissal issues.

Citing the move by AAUP and other grievances against the president, the board placed Aragon on administrative leave in June. The trustees planned to have a hearing this week to determine whether he should be dismissed. However, as a result of a lawsuit filed by four Latino students who have championed the president’s leadership, a New Mexico court on Tuesday issued an order prohibiting the board from terminating the president’s contract. Another hearing on this matter is scheduled for later this month.

“The Board of Regents is disappointed to learn that a court has issued a writ restraining us from carrying out our constitutional duty to New Mexico Highlands University,” the board’s chairman, Javier Gonzales, said in a news release this week.

Aragon did not respond to requests for comment on Thursday.

Another board member, Ricky Serna, who is of Latino descent, said that many Hispanic organizations in the state have rallied around Aragon. He also said that he realized Aragon has faced challenges in carrying out the board’s goal of turning the university into “the nation’s premier Hispanic-serving institution.” He was not a member of the board when it endorsed that language and he said that he doesn’t think that he would have supported it.

Serna said, too, that many non-Latinos have expressed frustration with the implementation of the plan. “I think some people have felt threatened, which was not anyone’s intention, I don’t think,” he said. He believes that focusing on helping low-income students succeed will be a key effort as the university moves forward, whether or not Aragon is at the helm.

Gumecindo Salas, vice president of government relations for the Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities, said Thursday that students often receive the best education when diverse faculty members are on staff. He cautioned that when only so many positions are available for tenure, some people’s feelings are going to get hurt.

“When we had 100 percent male faculty in this country was that ‘too much’?” Salas asked. “People used to say no.”

But Salas believes the criteria an institution uses in determining tenure or dismissals can go too far. “If you have a policy that is not egalitarian, then maybe it needs to be reexamined,” he said.

Jonathan Knight, director of the Department of Academic Freedom and Governance at the AAUP, said that an institution’s efforts to increase diversity should begin at the recruitment stage, even if the pool of candidates is quite small. He suggested that institutions need to do a better job at networking and reaching out to prospective minority candidates.

“Enough institutions have shown that it’s not an either/or situation,” said Knight. “It’s well-demonstrated that you can find candidates from many of the groups who have in the past been excluded from academia.”

He added that the board’s plan may have been “laudable,” but that its execution left something to be desired in terms of academic freedom.

Knight also believes that as increasingly qualified minority applicants compete for positions with their white counterparts, it will be inevitable that the historically white demographics of academe will change.

“We just don’t see any conflict in administrative commitment to affirmative action and its commitment to educational excellence,” said Knight.

Rob Capriccioso

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Comments

“Diversity”

In the context of Higher Education, the only “diversity” that ought to matter is the"diversity” of ideas. Simplistic racism, exemplified by tenure decisions apparently predicated on ethnicity, should have no place in academia.

Bill, Professor at University of Texas at Brownsville, at 7:10 am EDT on July 14, 2006

Civil Action?

I doubt that any self-respecting academic from any ethnic origins wants his or her professional contacts to think that a position is held, tenure received, promotions granted as a result of skin color.

Likewise, I doubt the laudable plan to become the nation’s premier Hispanic serving institution meant that it would achieve this goal by emulating the social order set in motion everywhere in the world where hierarchy of order is based on skin-color loyalty.

Finally, it is clear that the politicians and the public truly understand tenure: “But Salas believes the criteria an institution uses in determining tenure or dismissals can go too far. “If you have a policy that is not egalitarian, then maybe it needs to be reexamined,” he said.” MAYBE???

mdg, at 8:45 am EDT on July 14, 2006

Genitalia and pigmentation

Could someone explain why a person’s genitalia or pigmentation should be a factor in tenure decisions?

Professor Challenger, at 11:10 am EDT on July 14, 2006

The only “diversity” that ought to matter

Agreed. “In the context of Higher Education, the only “diversity” that ought to matter is the"diversity” of ideas.” Diversity of Ideas may be the goal, however, the matters of race, ethnicity, gender, relgion and sexual orientation etc. and the negativities that the dominant culture places on these protected categories, are still present and must always be considered and examined.

Agreed. “Simplistic racism, exemplified by tenure decisions apparently predicated on ethnicity, should have no place in academia.” Surely one cannot imply that universities are hiring and offering tenure based on ethnicity? Simplistically thinking, if that scenario is true, we would all have tenure, regardless of quailification, because we all have ethnicity!The reality is that racism, sexism, ethnocentrism, and homophobia exist at personal and instituitional levels. Its been said, “If you keep doing what you’ve always done you’re going to get what you’ve always got.” We must enact countermeasures to the ‘isms that formed the foundations of our ivory towers.

VFL, EO/AA Coordinator at WA State, at 11:55 am EDT on July 14, 2006

ROTFL

Hello. I am a former employee of NMHU and this article is a joke. First, the writer got the facts wrong. The university settled for 250K with a female administrator (not faculty member) who sued for gender discrimination (nor racial discrimination) and whose discrimination complaint began before Manny took the helm.

Second, there is nothing wrong with being a Hispanic serving institution. NMHU draws the overwhelming majority of its students (81%) from northern NM. And northern NM has always been majority minority. Las Vegas itself has a Hispanic population of 85%. So saying NMHU wants to be a premier HSI is only recognizing the reality of the situation. It is not racist, unless one believes that the fact that Las Vegas is Hispanic is racist. If NMHU wants to promote diversity, then it should be recruiting more white students not more Hispanic professors. Furthermore, there are very few Hispanic professors that want to come to dinky old Las Vegas and get paid dinky salaries. They can go somewhere else and make far more money being a token.

This is a rather silly article that does not get the facts right either about the current situation or the environment in which NMHU operates. To try and turn NMHU into an example of some national tred is frankly silly if not downright bogus.

s, at 11:55 am EDT on July 14, 2006

reply to Prof. Challenger

I agree entirely with the premise of your question which, of course, contains its own answer as well.

Those who embrace and extol the hue of one’s skin or the shape of one’s genitalia are racists and sexists, but in today’s corrupt world of academia they are hailed as “diversity defenders.”

If one assumes that women “know” important and significant things — say, in history, economics, genetics, zoology, philosophy, soil science, volcanology, etc. — that men cannot “know,” then the opposite must also be true.

The autobiographical crapola about “victimhood” or “discrimination” is irrelevant and absurd in 2006.

Ditto with assuming that blacks “know” important things that white cannot “know” — history, economics, genetics, zoology, philosophy, soil science, volcanology, etc.

The autobiographical crapola about “victimhood” or “discrimination” is irrelevant and absurd in 2006, as made crystal clear, for instance, in Shelby Steele’s brilliant new book.

But most universities are still dominated at managerial levels by guilt-ridden, soppy middle aged white males for whom double standards diversity is a key to their demonstration of “caring” and “inclusion.”

Most of those same men would not be hired today for their own jobs if the racist and sexist standards they endorse for others were applied to them.

Chuck, at 12:55 pm EDT on July 14, 2006

Genitalia and pigmentation

Quoting:

“Genitalia and pigmentation

Could someone explain why a person’s genitalia or pigmentation should be a factor in tenure decisions?”

Gender is the issue, not sex. Gender has nothing to do with sex, so genitalia are not important to anybody, but gender identification (e.g, male sex but female gender) could be.

regina, at 12:55 pm EDT on July 14, 2006

“s” must stand for “sophistry.” Why is there a need for Highlands to state it’s goal as being a premier “hispanic” institution, rather than simply a premier instiution.it follows the same old false thinking that only hispanics can teach, be role models, inspire etc other hispanics. stop seeing the world through the lens of race, “s", and you’ll understand the outrage from those of us opposed to these racist practices.

Josh, at 12:55 pm EDT on July 14, 2006

Inertia?

Younger theory-clad challengers have attacked the dominant culture for many decades. Some appear extremely frustrated that the whole world has not yet adopted their definitions, interpretations, and goals. (and merely for the sake of activism, many of the new aspirants to the throne continue to judge those long-dominant as “evil” people)

Perhaps in the long view, it will again turn out that the paradigms, philosophies, individuals who are successful will write the final judgements.

And in those volumes, I believe history will repeat, the cultures/philosophies/ stratagies/belief-systems that triumph will be held up as “the best” or the most successful ways of being human.

Then, when the culture wars are silent for a time, perhaps: appreciation for individual differences and needs, benevolence, compassion, consanguinity, consideration, conviviality, courtesy humanity, and tolerance will again begin to take root and to grow as a new, unusual plant.

Dr. F. Gump, at 2:50 pm EDT on July 14, 2006

“Gender has nothing to do with sex”

Is that so? Are you really saying that hormones and the equipment to reproduce have “nothing” to do with behavior and psychology.

I wonder if we are all free to self-identify as whatever we want. Does this mean that people who claim to be brain surgeons might merely be “self-identifying” as one?

Larry, at 2:50 pm EDT on July 14, 2006

Reply to Uninformed Individuals

Several comments atttached to this article lead one to believe that White faculty are insinuating that they can speak with the same voice as Black and Brown faculty. It becomes apparent that those who would pose such an incorrect propersition have not taken time to study the research and philosophical framework that supports diversity in higher education. Question- How can students, institution and institutional units benefit from diverse thought if the entire faculty is White? Please tell me where I can find research on diversity in higher education that supports the hiring and tenuring of an all White (or all Black or Brown) faculty?

Jean Ann, at 2:50 pm EDT on July 14, 2006

A GEISELIAN PERSPECTIVE

Surely there’s a scientific solution to the ongoing problem of preferring or not preferring individuals based on skin pigmentation. We’ve mapped the genome and can clone humans, surely we can alter the tone of our epidermises without much trouble. Universities that demand a certain balance of skin tones among their professoriate (or among their students, for that matter) should put their researchers to work on making this technology practical and affordable. Rather than fire white professors, they could be changed into brown professors. In the same way, brown professors could choose to become white professors if they felt it was to their advantage. It should be possible to reverse the procedure. One could select from a variety of new skin colors, and change them in short order depending on the socio-political climate.

Those who were paying attention during their primary years may know that the great social critic Theodore Geisel (known to most folks as Dr. Suess) wrote a work of fiction describing the social forces that brought about such a technology. The book is called “The Sneetches,” and it’s a simple story. Simple enough that I suppose even a college president could understand Geisel’s point. Unfortunately, it would appear that leaders who aren’t in bondage to the mindset of the unenlightened sneetches are at the mercy of hordes of sneetches who are so shackled. Technology is probably the only force that can ultimately expose the cartoonish silliness of that mindset.

ClioSmith, Associate Professor at Trinity Bible College, at 2:50 pm EDT on July 14, 2006

Highlands trying to can Manny the Arrogant

Please don’t blame Mr. Capriccioso for the shortcomings of his report. The Highlands story is hard to tell without deep understanding of this little corner of northern New Mexico. When the hard-working, highly qualified Sharon Caballero was let go and Manny was Aragon installed as president, it wasn’t because of his qualifications. He has no academic experience and only a J.D. degree. He is a big fish in the small pond of New Mexico politics. We suspect he was put into the Highlands job to get him out of the center of state politics, because Aragon had independent political power. For more important insights on the meaning of the mess at Highlands, please see our op-ed on the back cover of a forthcoming “Hispanic Outlook in Higher Education.”

Alison, freelance journalist, at 3:20 pm EDT on July 14, 2006

HSI

Well, by identifying as an HSI there is additionally federal funding available to the college. Historically black colleges and universities try to do the same thing — hire African-Americans for positions because they believe it is the best hope for students to reach academic goals. The reality is quite different. African-Americans are still not earning enough Ph.Ds across disciplines to fill vacancies at HBCUs or are opting to work in other types of institutions. HSIs will experience the same problems. The goal of a brown faculty is an ideal that cannot be met with the current numbers of graduates with the appropriate credentials, those demanded by the accrediting agencies. The racism that is inherent in these types of hiring practices will only fail the institution in the long run.

monty, at 4:05 pm EDT on July 14, 2006

Pigmentation?

Why a sophisticated intellectual group of people such as the editors, publishers, writers and commentators on this IHE website insist on doing what the general public does, namely, racializing ethnicity, is beyond me. I can forgive it in high school graduates, but not coming from professors and scholars. SO the controversy in New Mexico Highlands centers on pigmentation, because many people see it as pitched between Latinos and “whites"? Who said Latinos belong to a “race"? Latinos come in all kinds of pigmentation, color, features, phenotypes, and racial mixtures. We are white/Caucasian, or mixed mestizo, or AfroLatinos, or Asian Latinos. We look like Italians or Spaniards or Africans or Indians or just regular people from the Balkans. Do you also believe, like most uninformed people, that Latinos are mostly born abroad and look brown? Look around at the millions of diversely-looking Latinos. Nothing further from “brownness” than my Chilean, Argentine, Cuban, and middle class Mexican colleagues. Can we please stop spreading—at least at this level of discussion— this nonsensical stereotype that racializes culture and ethnicity?

ERivero, at 11:15 pm EDT on July 14, 2006

Yes, Alison

Hey Alison. You made exactly the right point. I was simply responding to the article as written, not the whole context. It is utterly true that Bill bribed Manny to get him out of the center of NM politics and that NMHU had to suffer for Bill’s little problem. This fact was reported in the Santa Fe New Mexican when Manny took the job. I was laughing when I read this morning that the Gov says he doesn’t manage universities. Well, no, but he appoints the Regents and look what a mess the last two boards have made at NMHU. Who is guarding the guardian here? I shudder to think of Richardson as President or even VP of the USA.

I look forward to the op-ed.

s, at 6:15 am EDT on July 15, 2006

“Dueling”

While white Western academe can not claim exceptional purity of thought and motive, it is nevertheless the model on which great institutions have been built.

Minorities will continue to struggle to “get the hang of” objective evaluations and selection because they inevitably will be hampered by victimhood (real and imagined) and a tendency to let their sense of entitlement marr their judgments.

Hubert Smith, Instructor, at 4:00 pm EDT on July 15, 2006

Dueling over Diversity

Two points, the first is that Manny Aragon was not just a state senator, he was the Patron of the state legislature for many years. To say he is an advocate for hispanics is to ignore a whole history of questionable activity.

Second, it is my impression that the university I work for has a fund to hire ‘opportunity’ minority and women candidates without regard to the need for the position or for demonstrated competence.

Bill, Professor, at 7:50 am EDT on July 17, 2006

Ah, the good old days are back...

You know, I’m old enough to remember when schools were required by law to keep students of color in schools “dedicated” to serving them, taught by faculty of the same color.

How’d that work out again?

The beauty of this new, progressive system, though, is that we are teaching students and educators of color to demand their own segregation. Brilliant.

richard mcenroe, at 9:45 am EDT on July 17, 2006

ERivero — You speak to the point very well. There should be no racial, gender or social discrimination. One cannot tell from looks. Therefore, don’t look too hard. Hiring Hispanics preferentially is just as bad as hiring brown folk preferentially. Hire for the knowledge, not the origin.

Oligonicella, at 9:55 am EDT on July 17, 2006

“How can students, institution and institutional units benefit from diverse thought if the entire faculty is White?”

The point being that people in general, and white people in particular, are capable of “diverse” thought. In fact, they cannot avoid it. Or are you saying that the history of Bolivia is better taught by a Latino brought up in California? Yes, role models are important but subjects should be taught by experts in that field regardless of race or skin color or political affiliation.

The “we’re a better Hispanic-serving college than you are” phenomenon (at my campus as well) is groveling for money and for political power based on victimhood.

MSmith, MSmith, at 11:35 am EDT on July 17, 2006

Poor Jean Ann, maroooned in the 70s.......

Poor Jean Ann, pleading and insinuating that black people or Latinos because of their black skin or Hispanic surnames actually “know” things, aside from autobiographies, that non-blacks or non-Hispanics cannot.

Yo’ Jean Ann — go out and read the great mid-80s novel by Danny Santiago called *Famous All Over Town,* which was widely touted and embraced as an insider’s view of life in the east L.A. barrrio, told in a way that no outsider ever good.

What a great scam it was!

It was written by a rich white guy from Kansas City (Daniel Stewart, I think) and caused quite a fuss.

It’s time to recall this whole sordid episode to reveal once again how misguided, illberal, and downright reactionary in its racism are the haughty claims made by today’s diversity crusaders.

Chuck, at 2:25 pm EDT on July 17, 2006

“Could someone explain why a person’s genitalia or pigmentation should be a factor in tenure decisions?”

Because different races or sexes view issues differently. This is accepted as fact by all right-thinking people in academia. Which is why, when the president of Harvard made an observation to this effect, he was roundly applauded and supported by the faculty who largely owed their appointments to this point of view.

Mike G, at 3:30 pm EDT on July 17, 2006

What an embarassment for the state of New Mexico. As a former employee of NMHU, I was in the unfortunate position of watching the university attempt to implement their “HSI” plan. This town is the epitome of small-minded. To the people of Las Vegas, the world begins and ends between the first exit and the third exit off I-25. If you don’t share a Hispanic surname that is recognized in the town, you might as well be invisible. I am a Hispanic female with a Bachelor’s Degree and believe me when I tell you that I was a minority. Not because I was Hispanic but because I was a female with a college degree. NMHU would be doing a great service to the state of New Mexico if they would get rid of the “Good Ol’ Boys” and focus on educating those who walk through the door, regardless of ethnicity. Shouldn’t that be somewhere in the university’s mission statement?

SK, at 11:05 pm EDT on July 17, 2006

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