Advertisement

Advertisement

News, Views and Careers for All of Higher Education

Efficiency or Mediocrity?

Long gone are the days when whiteout was a key tool for applying to college. Most of today’s college applicants probably don’t even know what it is. So when admissions officers and high school guidance counselors gathered at the College Board’s annual meeting in New York City this week, it was a given to most that their operations are increasingly online.

But a funny thing happened at a session on the electronic admissions process: real live debate. A well respected admissions dean told his colleagues that technology was damaging the process, encouraging a cookie-cutter approach by both applicants and institutions.

A good college admissions process “is not like computer dating — it’s like love letters,” said Theodore A. O’Neill, dean of admissions at the University of Chicago. He said that current trends in online applications take away students’ individuality and result in “generic” and “utterly boring” essays. O’Neill went so far as to predict that current trends in electronic admissions could pave the way for a nationally centralized system of deciding who gets placed in which college — a development he said would be horrible.

“We’ll be told what to do and we’ll say ‘yes — it’s more efficient,’ ” said O’Neill, who said that a central problem with admissions today was the drive to use technology to make things more efficient. “Yes, technology makes applying easier. I’m not sure it should be easier,” he said.

Judging from audience reactions in a room packed with college counselors at some of the top high schools in the country, many of O’Neill’s points resonated, as people nodded and applauded loudly for O’Neill and a guidance counselor in the audience who later endorsed some of his views.

But few if any (including O’Neill) seemed to think there was any chance of turning back, and some said privately that he was being a Luddite. (Although Chicago applications can be submitted online, O’Neill was introduced at the meeting as a Luddite, and he didn’t disappoint.)

Jessica Marinaccio, director of admissions at Columbia University, offered another perspective. She said that she too once feared that technology would depersonalize the admissions process. She said that her office is more responsive to applicants and counselors as a result of having all application materials easily available, and that meetings where applicants are discussed are better informed as everyone can see all the material at the same time.

“Our officers are more engaged now,” she said.

One issue that typified the differing opinions on online applications was the question of length. Alyse Levine, associate director of college counseling at the Dalton School, a prestigious private school in New York City, said that the technology forces applicants to stay within confined space limits (no more squeezing in an extra line before the next question) and forces students to check one box in various places (intended major, for example) where they might prefer to check more than one box. The technology also refuses to let students italicize or underline in their essays — something many students complain about, Levine said.

Columbia’s Marinaccio said that these were not real problems. Admissions officers know that there is no ability to italicize so no applicant is punished for having a book title in normal font, she said. As for the enforced length limit, “conciseness of communication is not a bad thing,” she said.

Chicago’s O’Neill would have none of that argument. “Who decides that you value concision instead of magnitude? Who are we to say that it should only be that much?” he said. And, his voice rising, he said, “You can’t underline a bloody title? That’s not trivial to people who care about words.”

O’Neill called on colleges to reject the Common Application, a single form that can be used by students to apply to any of 276 competitive colleges. More and more colleges have been accepting the Common Application, in part because it appears to result in an immediate increase in the number of applications they receive — and if they reject enough of those applicants, extra points for their U.S. News ranking.

Chicago calls its application the Uncommon Application and O’Neill said he gets angry when an applicant tries to tweak an answer from the Common Application for use at Chicago.

Susan K. Tree, an audience member who is director of college counseling at the Westtown School, in suburban Philadelphia, drew sustained applause when she talked about “how much more generic the process has become” as more colleges have used the Common Application or made their applications similar to it. The Common Application “cheapens the process,” she said, while a good application “mirrors the soul of the institution.”

As a counselor, she said, it is harder to show students the various ways colleges differ when their viewbooks, admissions materials, and public images all seem to be striving to be identical.

Robert S. Killion, executive director of the Common Application, also happened to be in the audience, and he told the group that colleges could customize the application. He said that making the application process more smooth had many advantages — including such educational advantages as letting high school seniors focus more on academics. And he said no one forced colleges to do anything.

“Let’s not confuse the bureaucracy of college admissions with a good matching process,” he said.

O’Neill said that it wasn’t a matter of colleges being forced, but of being led by technology to centralization and to loss of identity. For example, he said (to agreeing nods in the audience) that many educators think that the new writing test on the SAT is a sham. “This is not the kind of writing we value,” he said. So O’Neill said that he will do his best to “suppress” its use by admissions officers at Chicago.

But he said that once the College Board made the test available, students felt that they had to take it and to submit their scores, and it will gradually seep into the process everywhere — even if lots of experts have great doubt about its value.

Similarly, he said that there is something of a vicious cycle in play. With the arrival of technology, colleges cut support staff positions. In turn, educators need more technology since they don’t have the time to do everything their lost support staff did. In turn, colleges end up eliminating those things that can’t be centralized or more efficient. “We will some day say, ‘what can you learn talking to someone face to face for 45 minutes?’ ” he said of an interview process that he fears will disappear.

Either the government will eventually try to take over admissions, he said, or groups like the College Board will effectively do so. He noted that many colleges — including Chicago — make use of software from the board for more and more functions in admissions and financial aid. O’Neill said he had “nostalgia” for the less efficient days when colleges did these things themselves — and with more care.

He also noted the irony of all of his criticisms of the College Board when he was an invited speaker at its meeting. Wondering if the microphone he was using would be made into a tape, he said of board leaders, “you don’t suppose they listen?”

Scott Jaschik

Got something to say?


Want it on paper? Print this page.
Know someone who’d be interested? Forward this story.
Want to stay informed? Sign up for free daily news e-mail.

Advertisement

Comments

Cry Wolf

African Americans and minorities have been denied admission to higher education – why because of – SAT and admissions — technology will solve that problem.

Admissions folks cry foul – because they are being replaced by the technology – wake up! Have anyone of them ever used an ATM? Do they appreciate that the technology is there to serve them 24/7 and pickup funds anywhere they like? Whether they appreciate of not standing in long lines and smell other people who have poor hygiene? [Bank tellers did not cry foul – but they embraced it and they realize one day may come, maybe tellers would be a profession of days bygone] ATM is not a racist [in closet] and does not discriminate – I have not heard of a case that an ATM committed an error.

Now lets contrast that with the admissions folks – how many complains? How many cases that have gone all the way to supreme court [that were racial in nature – Brown v Board of Education] how many admissions folks – who finagle to keep the student body homogenous and exclude others from getting higher education because of their skin color, race and religion. I have no sympathy for SAT and admissions folks – because they have been engineering to decades to exclude people of color.

I believe that technology is the way to go – it will give equal weight to each applicant – and the families would not be burdened and forced to appear in admissions offices at ridiculous timing to the families — made to feel they have to wear clothes and alter their appearances so as to impress the admissions folks – and not to adhere to the idiosyncratic of the counselor who woke up on the wrong side of the bed and who is having a bad day and is having a temper tantrum due to the PMS and misplaced prospective students documents – therefore technology is the right way and you do not need to speak to the admissions at all and maybe admissions will be a profession of days bygone in the future.

David Robertson, Professor at SUNY, at 9:17 am EST on November 2, 2005

Agreed

I agree — more technology can only be a good thing in this case. I fail to see the downside to this development; the software could easily be updated to allow underlining of book titles if necessary. I wonder why they are still using an essay in admissions though.

Kevin, Undergraduate, at 9:50 am EST on November 2, 2005

Technology in admissions

Being the president of technology company that has set out to “revolutionize college admissions” I must admit that I am biased. Having served for over 15 years as an associate and director of admissions, I must add that there has to be a better way to do this business of college admissions. The students that are served by the process (and most colleges incorporate “service” as part of their mission) have grown up in a world where technology has changed their lives. I won’t be judgemental and say that it is “better", although it probably is. In terms of college admissions, it is high time that deans like Mr. O’Neill remove their heads from the sand and stop crying wolf or that the sky is falling. Today’s entering first year students were born in the mid to late 1980s. They do not know of typewriters, long waits in line, and a process where the admissions office held all the cards. Their world is instant gratification, simplified processes, and the power of the consumer. So, while college admissions officers can moan and wish for the old days, their prospective students will go elsewhere. They won’t jump through your hoops if the hoop has no relevance. College admissions has to change to “attract” today’s student, not the other way around. There is some really good technology that makes this process easier for the consumer, and, as horrible as it may be to hear, for the admissions office as well. With the largest high school graduating classes on record soon to be applying, and applying by all accounts to more and more colleges per student so as to find the “right fit", the process is not going to get better for the college. More applications, more documents and data to manage, and less control means that a better way has to replace the old way. Effeciency isn’t a bad thing, particularly when the college that can adjust to the demands of the marketplace will reap huge benefits of increased enrollment and better profile classes. It will be more and more imperative for the college to become more effecient to handle the increase in applications while still being able to deliver high levels of customer service. And yes, they are customers. They are approaching the decision to attend a college with the same process they use to make any other purchase...cost, relevance with their peers, ease of the transaction, relevance to their goals. Marketing, technology and the like may have ruined the profession for the “old timers", but today’s student does not care about you. They care about themselves.If the technology isn’t meeting your needs, change the technology, because you won’t change the consumer.

Michael OConnor, President at ADMIN701, at 11:35 am EST on November 2, 2005

david robertson’s allegations

baseless, ill-informed and inflammatory. and that’s being charitable. admissions officers, especially at selective institutions, bend over backwards to recruit minority students. the sat itself has nothing to do with admissions officers, and in fact the recent history of the test indicates that there have been steps taken to ameliorate the biases. are they totally gone? no. is there perhaps some over-reliance on the test? yes.

the problem with minority representation in selective coleges and universities has much more to do with class, pre-K and K-12 schooling than it does with the content of the sat or what admissions officers do at selection time.

but this kind of rhetoric strikes me as knee-jerk. my guess is that it’s based on no actual experience in the admissions process and no working knowledge of what’s going on across the board in the field of college acces, choice and equity.

reality check, at 12:11 pm EST on November 2, 2005

Mr. Robertson, Brown v. Board had nothing to do with college admissions.

Larry, at 1:01 pm EST on November 2, 2005

wow, reality check, you’re being generous. if this buffoon’s a professor at suny, the system is in deep trouble

lloyd, at 2:02 pm EST on November 2, 2005

Digital Divide

Overlooked in this discussion is the digital divide that makes it difficult for certain populations to get enrollment and financial aid information and admissions applications unless they have access to a computer and a connection. In late 2003, A Nation Online reported that Latinos and African Americans were less likely than whites to have online access. Age is also a factor on online access as is income and education. So, the implication seems to be that the populations who have traditionally been unrepresented in PSE are now being marginalized by these enrollment structures that are catering to efficiency and cost issues. Admirable goal—to keep costs down (altho we know that wasn’t the case when the tech was new) but at what cost to access?

In a study I conducted with two other authors of how urban public institutions responded to adult prospective student inquiries for admissions and financial aid information, 9 of 12 tried to force us to their website for the info, and one large urban U told us they didn’t publish print media anymore. Most wouldn’t send financial aid information or sent merely the small FAFSA trifold—little state or institutional aid info or deadline info.

There are many more out there among the non-degreed public who are prospective students who may be less likely to attend because of the computer barrier to the gate.

Strongly recommend that colleges carefully consider eliminating print media altogether, espcially if your mission caters to first generation, low SES, and populations who are underrepresented in higher education. While web access has increased quite a bit since A Nation Online, there are still many without web access or lack the computer skills to navigate our webpages. Aren’t these folks we want to serve? Tangojuli

tangojuli, Voc Ed Director at Rural CC, at 6:19 pm EST on November 2, 2005

Online

Well, most every public library has internet access for free. If one is too lazy or unmotivated to bother to walk there in order to apply, I wonder what would make the university want to attract such a student.

Kevin, Undergraduate, at 4:09 pm EST on November 4, 2005

I’d just like to add, from a student’s perspective, that the online app makes the process a lot cheaper. I’m in another country and mailing everything gets expensive, even just for one university. I’m sure that kids in the country have similar issues with the cost.

Just my two cents, so to speak...

Julia, at 5:33 am EST on November 6, 2005

Personal Applications, Common App or No Common App

First of all, if you are going to comment, especially on a work of this nature, and if you expect your comment to be heard with seriousness, use proper spelling and grammar! Ironically, this is the type of thing that these college admissions officers are worried about. I am sure that you lament the lack of a SpellCheck when you wrote this comment, but shouldn’t that be the case when it comes to college admissions? Shouldn’t you be seen for what you really are. I entirely agree that the inability to underline and italicize on the common appliction has cheapened the value of the college application essay. If the essays have no hope of being truly correct and if every comment must be within a certain word limit, where is the individuality of the applicant? I am not against technology and I do not believe that the introduction of the ATM can be likened to the college admissions process, but I do believe that some changes must be implemented. Colleges do need to personalize their applications. I would submit an entirely different essay to Berkely than I would to Northwestern. It is not to say that both essays would not be representative of me as a person, by they would undoubtedly be different in subject matter. With so many college choices, I believe that colleges should distinguish themselves rather than strive to fit some arbitrary mold. Obviously technology has made things more efficient, both for the applicant and for the colleges. It is how the colleges and applicants use that efficiency to their advantages that matters. Applicants should strive to write an amazing essay because it will be seen by all of their common application colleges, rather than make the essay generic.

Camille Barnett, at 5:14 pm EST on November 11, 2005

Costs

As a student currently applying to colleges, i’d have to say that cost: mailing costs and fees are a pretty big issue. Even with online applications, i’ve spent close to $30 on postage — just for recomendations and sending transcripts. If i had to mail my application too...

Stacy, Costs, at 6:29 pm EST on December 19, 2005

I think the online application process is alot more accessible for students who cannot afford all of the fees of a common aplication. Although I agree with the SUNY professor about on going discrimination in the admissions proceess, I will say that an admissions counselor has the chance to discriminate just by looking at an applicant’s name. If the student applying to a college has an ethinc sounding name then he/she race may be identifid by the admissions counselor. In that sense discrimantion is still a possibilty whether or not a student uses an online application or a common application.

Barbara, Undergraduate, at 7:19 pm EST on January 10, 2006

I also believe that college admissions should be completely done by computer with out the “what do you define your self as” question..I’m white...so does that me I can’t go to your school!! I think computer applications are more fair! I am a high school senior in New York State, and I can tell you guys that online applications are easier to fill out because we have been taught to use computers since the elementary years and can call our selves pros!!!

Anthony, Mr, at 10:15 pm EST on March 30, 2006

Advertisement

 Jobs Related to Efficiency or Mediocrity?

or search for jobs directly.

Tech Commercialization Specialist
University of California, Riverside

The University of California Riverside invests in your future through employee training and career development, access to ... see job

Community Family Coordinator
James Madison University

Join one of the finest regional universities in the nation. James Madison University, home to 18,000 + students, welcomes you ... see job

Nursing (Medical/Surgical)
Portland Community College

Nursing (Medical/Surgical), Full-time Faculty – 3 positions (temporary) Portland Community College PCC’s Nursing ... see job

Adjunct Faculty Writing Program
James Madison University

Join one of the finest regional universities in the nation. James Madison University, home to 18,000 + students, welcomes you ... see job

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty — SP523184
University of Kentucky

See for yourself what makes UK one great place to work. see job

Client Services Center Aide
New York University

The Facilities & Construction Management organization at NYU is responsible for seamless, end-to-end delivery of all ... see job

Professor of Fibers
Savannah College of Art and Design

The Savannah College of Art and Design seeks candidates for a full-time faculty position in fibers. Qualified candidates ... see job

Staff Attorney; National Crime Victim Law Institute
Lewis & Clark College

Come be a part of an uncommon journey here at Lewis & Clark! see job

Associate Director, MBA Career Svs
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

The University of North Carolina’s Kenan-Flagler Business School is seeking to hire an Associate Director focused on ... see job

Instructor — Nurse Practitioner
University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center-Downtown Denver

Posting Description: NATURE OF WORK The Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes at the University of ... see job