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Lost Cause at Vanderbilt

The Battle of Nashville was fought in 1864, but Civil War skirmishing has been plentiful in the city for the past three years — much to the frustration of Vanderbilt University.

With strong support from its black students and alumni, Vanderbilt has been waging a legal fight to remove the word “Confederate” from the front of a dormitory. But the move has outraged groups that seek to honor and study Confederate history. On Monday, Vanderbilt announced that it was giving up its battle — although the university will continue to refer to the building without the “Confederate” name in all publications, maps and public statements.

“We have achieved what we wanted to achieve,” said Michael J. Schoenfeld, vice chancellor for public affairs at the university. He stressed that the only place that the name of the building wouldn’t change was in the inscription on it. “We don’t think carrying this forward is in Vanderbilt’s interest.”

In May, a Tennessee appeals court ruled that Vanderbilt could not drop “Confederate” from the building’s facade — unless it returned a donation it received in 1933 at the value of the donation in today’s dollars.That decision reversed a lower court’s decision that allowed Vanderbilt to drop “Confederate” from the name.

The dispute dates to a move by Vanderbilt in 2002 to drop “Confederate” from the name of “Confederate Memorial Hall.” The Tennessee chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, which gave the university money for the building in 1933, went to court to challenge the decision.

The legal debate has focused on the obligations of nonprofit groups not to change gift conditions years (or decades) after a donation has been received. But the public debate has broadened to questions about race relations and history.

The debate has been frustrating to many at the university. The name change was seen as an effort to reach out to minority students who felt alienated by honors for the Confederacy. But the discussion of the name change has led to many public statements by pro-Confederate groups that have offended the very students Vanderbilt was trying to reach out to, and those statements have been given much more prominence because of the court battles.

Schoenfeld said that Vanderbilt wanted to encourage reasoned discussions of these issues. So the university plans to create an annual forum or lecture that will deal with issues of race, history, memory and the Civil War. “We want an opportunity for our students, faculty and the community to explore these issues,” he said.

Asked why Vanderbilt didn’t repay the Daughters of the Confederacy — as the appeals court ruling would have permitted for the name change — Schoenfeld said, “We didn’t think that was a wise use of Vanderbilt’s resources.”

He stressed that other buildings on Vanderbilt’s campus (and on many campuses) have had their names changed over the years and are known widely by their new names — even if there is an inscription somewhere on a building with an old name. He emphasized that the court ruling Vanderbilt is not appealing applies only to an inscription, and does not govern anything else. “The name of that building, since 2002, has been Memorial Hall,” Schoenfeld said.

Zakiya Smith, who will be a senior and president of the Black Student Alliance in the fall, is in London this summer, so she said via e-mail that she doesn’t have a sense of how black students generally will react to Vanderbilt’s decision not to appeal. But she said she was disappointed and expected others would share that view.

“I think that as Vanderbilt becomes a globally recognized name, it is not only insulting but just ridiculous to continue with this name on the building,” she said. She acknowledged that supporters of the Confederate name have said that they were just trying to honor dead soldiers, few of whom owned slaves, but Smith said those arguments were “not sufficient” to justify the name.

“When you lose a war, you lost. You don’t get the spoils of victory,” Smith said. “While the lives lost were a tragedy, the cause that they fought for undeniably supported slavery whether these men actually owned slaves or not.”

Douglas Jones, a Nashville lawyer for the United Daughters of the Confederacy, said the group was pleased that the name would stay on the building, and said that the name has nothing to do with slavery.

“Slavery was terrible, but the whole terrible Civil War was a part of American history and this is part of what we are preserving, which is American history,” Jones said. “This building is about honoring Tennessee boys who died in the war.”

Scott Jaschik

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Comments

Wisdom of ‘don’t ask, don’t tell’

The issues in this matter are clear, as are the emotions. After 140 years, there are people who, given the chance, would continue to fight The Civil War/War of Northern Aggression, to a bitter, grinding end.

Mr. Clinton was/is many things, but about ‘don’t ask,’ he was brilliant, IMHO. Sometimes, periods of silence (and reflection) are perferable to unpleasant alteratives (e.g., legal battles, repaying millions in donations, etc.).

As a Yankee studying in the Mid-South, I saw the leader of a white Southern Baptist group *voluntarily* stand up at an AME church and apologize for slavery. No screaming, or yelling, viz. Mr. W.L. Churchill. Just one person, with God in his heart, apologizing and asking for forgiveness.

How would that person, have responded in the Vanderbilt case? I’m not sure. But, IMHO, threats of legal action would not have been appreciated.

Art, at 6:52 am EDT on July 13, 2005

Art, credible threats of legal action usually are (and should be) the last resort. In most high-profile cases they come only after negotiations fair or one side refuses to discuss or even acknowledge the other.

larry, at 7:55 am EDT on July 13, 2005

Your own private Idaho

“Art, credible threats of legal action usually are (and should be) the last resort ..”

Dude, based on your many posts, I don’t know, what planet you’re from. Must be, the ability to keyboard legal cites (my niece is at Harvard Law), must give one, the right to create one’s own reality zone.

In the real world (working-class/middle-class professional, outside the Beltway, productive sector), we see the proliferation of law schools/lawyers, and cheered when this appeared —

http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110006939

Dream on, citing matters de jure. De facto, most of the working class puts the 1000s of pages of rules and regulations, into the circular file — and tries to conduct themselves professionally, with common sense, fairness, reasonability, and good manners. Yes, we’re quaint, that way.

Art, at 8:19 am EDT on July 13, 2005

Common sense is my favorite rhetorical device

Let me ask you this question: Have you ever been sued without first being asked to settled the matter without judicial intervention? Have you ever sued someone without first asking nicely ? Despite having spent most of my professional life as a litigator (representing mostly institutions), I realize that lawsuits can cause great pain and expense – even when the clients are institutions (as employees must submit to depositions and often old wounds are opened). But, they are a necessary evil. Sometimes people just won’t budge. Sometimes colleges won’t voluntarily stop ripping down posters advertising religious or political events. Sometimes states won’t voluntarily stop searching people at random, let girls have abortions, or let mothers teach their children at home. Sometimes people who owe money won’t pay. (Though I will set aside for the moment bankruptcy issues that might require judicial intervention.)

I don’t see why it matters whether your niece is at Harvard Law School or not. Or whether you even have a niece. Is that supposed to make your argument more credible? Or, on balance, if your niece was never born, would my argument be more credible ?

I don’t quite see your point about “most of the working class puts the 1000s of pages of rules and regulations, into the circular file — and tries to conduct themselves professionally, with common sense, fairness, reasonability, and good manners.” Are you saying that you don’t abide by speed limits, pay your taxes (and take deductions), or insist that merchants and landlords treat you according to the way state and federal governments require that you be treated?

Of course, you don’t need to know the law of most subjects to exist in the country: only the law of the subjects that you choose to spend your life interacting with. For every day affairs, acting as your mother tells you to act will get you by (unless you think that the “law” as announced by the legislature is immoral or unconstitutional.)

Although you cited the Wall Street Journal’s report of an indictment (followed by unrelated editorializing), I fail to see what the heck that has to do with anything. While some people may engage in criminal activity, class action lawsuits are a way that some people go about seeking redress for harms when those harms were inflicted upon a large class of people. (They are also nothing new, and they date back about 900 years or so though they emerged from the chancery rather than the law courts.)

Calling things “shakedown” lawsuits (as my former firm would do as a matter of course) doesn’t change whether or not people have been harmed. In fact, at my old firm, we would only send out press releases when the merits of a case were against our clients, and the non-lawyers would, as Opinion Journal does in the article you cite, repeat it word for word.

Although it leaves me a bad taste in my mouth, I think it is a rather elegant move to get people who, themselves would never make more than $400,000/year to consider corporations (or LLCs) the “victim” of those who are claiming to have been wronged by them by claiming that it violates “common sense.”

So, here is my advice to you. Conduct your affairs according to the norms of society. If you want to engage in a business make sure and not only know the norms of that business, but also the way “society” as expressed via the legislature and administrative agencies expects you to act. If someone claims to have been injured by you, seriously consider their claim, and whether you really have harmed them. Don’t ignore them. I would suggest that if you ever are injured that you NOT sue anyone (especially my friends) because that would violate “common sense.”

Larry, at 9:27 am EDT on July 13, 2005

Thanks, Larry

For your well-written, intelligent posting.

normalvision, Prof. of English (ret.), at 10:55 am EDT on July 13, 2005

at the signpost ahead .. The Twilight Zone

Ol’ Lar makes me long for Kipling:

The captains and kings depart/The tumult and shouting dies/Yet stands thine ancient sacrifice/A humble and contrite heart

Will this tumult and shouting (except weekends and holidays) ever end? Will there ever stand, humbleness and contriteness?

Yeah — right after Mr. W.L. Churchill admits he suckered CU into hiring a fake Indian, no matter what the consequences to the university’s affirmative action program.

Art, at 11:11 am EDT on July 13, 2005

Lost Cause at VU

I applaud this high court ruling keeping the word “confederate” on the building at VU. Not only does it rightfully require VU to honor a donor’s specific wish, it may cause some on that campus to think about, and maybe even study, the true causes of the “Civil War.”

The confederate phobia that exists today is a form of political correctness that is grounded in both provincial and social bigotry. Like all forms of bigotry, the current attempt to erase all references to the Confederacy is rooted in ignorance and fueled by a destructively selective perspective of facts.

The most convenient argument against the CSA is that it supported slavery. That is true; however the same could be said of the USA at the time. There was no federal law prohibiting slavery. By federal standards, that issue was left to the states. Furthermore, the historical record clearly shows that in 1861 most northerners were not supportive of a war to end slavery. The same could also be said of Union troops in the Civil War, who loudly complained about the new rationale for the war following the announcement of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1862. At the time, that edit was widely viewed in North and South as a purely political maneuver and a thinly veiled attempt to provide a moral smoke screen for an otherwise immoral and illegal war.As distasteful as it is for us today to admit, the doctrine of white supremacy was not isolated to the South, it was a national philosophy during the mid nineteenth century, embraced by the vast majority of the populations of all regions. For more information on that point, please refer to Charles Adams’ “When in the Course of Human Events"(Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2000).

If President Lincoln could have snapped his fingers and made slavery go away, I’m certain he would have done it. However, his purpose for provoking and executing the war against the seceded states was clear: “to preserve the Union"—his words, not mine. It was only after a dismally unsuccessful first year or so of Lincoln’s “lost cause” to save the union that he resigned himself to the necessity of throwing in his lot with the Radical Republicans and abolitionists whose bigoted rhetoric would make even the likes of Ward Churchill take pause. That change in political and public relations tactics has resulted in the almost universally held view today that the Civil War was a war to end slavery rather than a war to force a free and sovereign people to succumb to the authority of a foreign government.

Dear friends and colleagues, please forgive my verbosity on this matter. I realize my comments would never pass the O’Reilly “pithiness” test and I’ve surely done my fair share of “bloviating.” However, I am genuinely concerned about the generally hostile public attitude toward all things Confederate. It is not only unfair and ill-advised, it interrupts the free flow of ideas and impedes progress toward reconciliation of differing parties on the whole range of issues still resonating from that misunderstood conflict.

I recall a time when well-intentioned and intelligent people condemned Martin Luther King, Jr. for his words and deeds regarding civil rights. Time, of course, has shown that most of his actions and ideas were proper. I believe that given a similar interval of time and a sincere desire of the offended parties, the anti-confederates will see the error of their ways, as well. At least, I certainly hope that they will. In the meantime, those who value truth must continue to politely, yet confidently, oppose misguided and dangerous actions such as this one by VU.

We’ve all heard the heavenly axiom: “You shall know the truth and it shall set you free.” Well, that principle not only works on the spiritual level, it also works in helping us to diffuse our temporal disagreements. Let’s all search for the truth and then be wise enough to recognize it and bold enough to embrace it when we find it, regardless of any political agendas.

Dave, at 1:45 pm EDT on July 13, 2005

Dave, Thank you for your serious response to this issue. I have one question for you: How the heck do you know the truth when you see it ? If, as you seem to imply, what is going on in the south is various rhetorical battles in which one side or the other dredges up facts that are embarrassing to the other, and attaches various derogatory meanings to some words how can you ever be sure that you are getting “truth.”

Larry, at 2:39 pm EDT on July 13, 2005

Lost war political labels

an excellent study on the social passions involved in fighting about labels after losing wars is Wolfgang Schivelbusch’s THE CULTURE OF DEFEAT: ON NATIONAL TRAUMA, MOURNING AND RECOVERY.(New York: Metropolitan Books, tr Jefferson Chase) 2003."The American South” is the first case study, followed by France and Germany. Disputes about cemeteries, memorials, inscriptions, etc. therein seem to be a substitute for more direct political discussion. Best wishes.

Frenchistorian, at 5:18 pm EDT on July 13, 2005

Larry,

Sorry for the delay of this response. I hope you still see it. Thanks also to frenchistorian for the helpful suggestions.

Larry, you pose a great question. In fact, it is THE questions, isn’t it—one that has been asked at least as far back as Pontius Pilate. When I read that scriptural passage, I get the impression that he is not asking it in an entirely rhetorical context. I think he really wanted to know what truth is. For all his power and authority, it was one thing that eluded him.

We too are frustrated by that greased pig, of sorts, on which we seem never to be able to get a firm grip. For me, with regard to Civil War issues, I would settle for a sincere and considerate willingness by all parties to objectively accept facts as they really are, free of the vitriolic posturing that you so correctly describe. Of course, there is an undeniable abstract quality to truth that ultimately affects the way each of us treats fact. I suppose we commonly call that conscience. People of good conscience are those who approach interpersonal relationships with a selfless and humble attitude that allows fact to pass through the filter of conscience ultimately illuminating the knowledge of truth in one’s soul. Maybe that’s why Jesus didn’t answer Pilate when asked the question. He knew that Pilate, although desperate for an answer, was incapable of knowing “the truth.”

Truth is ultimately a spiritual function. Perhaps that is why we have so much combativeness and contention in our verbal wars these days. Trying to approach truth, as a worldly commodity, is futile. If the objective is to win a debate, one side will always find a way to counter the other’s point with a damaging blow. However, if the objective is to find solutions and resolve conflict for the common good, then truth is our ally.

Aside from spirituality, maybe we could make do with, if not truth, at least truthfulness. That standard should be easier to approach if we all look at facts with an amiable disposition that is respectful of opposing ideas and perspectives, seeking not to condemn each other but to fulfill an honorable mission, and always searching for common ground.

Boy have I taken the long way around! You’re so patient, that is if you’re still reading. Your question is probably still unanswered, but at least I’ve made an attempt. Of course, the really slippery thing about truth is that none of us can control anyone’s view of it but our own. My pledge is to treat a well-substantiated and documented fact as truth, regardless of whether or not it reinforces any preconceived notions I may have had. I’ve found that to be intellectually refreshing and, in and of itself, quite liberating.

Dave, at 1:41 pm EDT on July 14, 2005

Dave, Yes, I am still reading. It seems that the best that we can hope for is to understand that “truth” is a matter of perception and one’s commitment to understanding that. As to your pledge to treat a“well-substantiated and documented fact as truth” I should note that this seems circular. Substantiation, itself is a matter of perspective. One can “substantiate” a false assertion by proving equally false corroboration. Likewise, documentation is simply just a recording of one’s perceptions (in fact, when one looks at a document there is a further layer of perception).

Now, despite the fact that I am from the north and I generally associate the south with bigotry and ignorance, I am willing to accept that my history of the civil war was written by the victors based on their political interests. Likewise, all of the “revisionist” history of confederacy is written by the losers with their political interests. But, at least I can accept that, and I really don’t care what stupid crap people put on their buildings.

Larry, at 2:15 pm EDT on July 14, 2005

Larry,

Thanks for your comments and attention to my ideas. You make some good points. I hope your view of my native South will change. I know for a “fact” that not everything there is froth with bigotry and ignorance. I suppose it’s about like anywhere else in that regard. Finding a way to allow others to see that is, perhaps, a first step on the search for truth on this subject and others.

Best wishes.

Dave, at 3:56 pm EDT on July 14, 2005

It Starts with a “Title"...

I have enjoyed immensely the views expressed here and wanted to add one thing I have always noted of interest. I will first digress for a moment to say I was born in the north and raised my informative years in the south...and I am of the baby-boom generation. When I was in school and studying American History...what is now called the “Civil War” was infact referred to as “The War Between the States". We studied it from a fairly objective standpoint and were never given any ideas as to who was really right/wrong...as many fueds are not necessarily based on facts, but rather perceptions. To me I find the reference of it being a “Civil War” gives a mind set of the south trying to overthrow the north which could not be further from the truth. I know my point is a simple one, but I honestly think it and of itself sets the wrong mindset for understanding and is not just a semantic. Also,when asked the question of what the war was all about, Ulysses S Grant answered: “It was an imperialistic land grab"...Thank you for taking the time to review my thoughts...have a great evening...

John, at 4:54 am EDT on July 19, 2005

Repayment

VU should give the Daughters their money back and tear those words off its building.

The Confederate history can be adequately discussed as history without memorializing their actions — in defense of Slavery, extreme racism and treason against this nation.

While many undeserving Southerners were forcibly drafted and died fighting, their memory could be honored without the implicating of the support of what their “nation” fought for.

That said, if the university will not honor a donation, as they should not with this one, they should return the money.

Kevin, Undergraduate, at 8:58 pm EDT on August 19, 2005

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